How do pheromones affect bee behavior?

Pheromones play a crucial role in the complex social structure and communication among bees. They are chemical substances secreted by bees that trigger specific behavioral responses in members of the same species. In the context of bee behavior, these pheromones significantly influence reproductive behavior by signaling the reproductive status of the queen and engaging the worker bees in nurturing roles or raising new queens. Alarm pheromones alert bees to potential threats, prompting a defensive response, which is vital for the hive's protection. Additionally, social cohesion is maintained through pheromones that bind the colony together, facilitating cooperation and colony organization.

The other options don't accurately reflect the role of pheromones. They do not determine honey color, change hive temperature, or affect the taste of honey. Instead, the myriad functions of pheromones are fundamental to maintaining hive dynamics and ensuring the survival of the colony.